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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Morphological leveling ： ウィキペディア英語版 Morphological leveling In linguistics, morphological leveling is the generalization of an inflection across a paradigm or between words.〔Ishtla Singh (2005). ''The History of English''. Hodder Education. p. 27.〕 For example, the extension by analogy〔Katherine Wysocki and Joseph R. Jenkins (winter 1987). ''Deriving Word Meanings through Morphological Generalization.'' Reading Research Quarterly, Vol. 22, No. 1 , pp. 66-81. http://www.jstor.org/stable/747721〕〔William E. Nagy, Irene-Anna N. Diakidoy and Richard C. Anderson (June 1993). ''The Acquisition of Morphology: Learning the Contribution of Suffixes to the Meanings of Derivatives.'' Journal of Literacy Research, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 155-170. DOI: 10.1080/10862969309547808. http://jlr.sagepub.com/content/25/2/155〕〔Prasada, S., & Pinker, S. (1993). ''Generalizations of regular and irregular morphology.'' Language and Cognitive Processes, 8(1), 1-56. http://stevenpinker.com/publications/generalizations-regular-and-irregular-morphology〕 of the (more frequent) third-person singular form ''is'' to other persons, such as ''I is'' and ''they is'', observed in some dialects of English such as African American Vernacular English, is leveling, as is the reanalysis of English strong verbs as weak verbs, such as ''bode'' becoming ''bided'' or ''swoll'' becoming ''swelled''. Another example is how for all but a few nouns the original English plural suffixes stemming from the Old English weak declension have been replaced by one general plural marker; as late as the 16th century, ''shoon'' was still in use as the plural form of ''shoe'', but in contemporary English the only acceptable form is ''shoes'', using the general plural marker ''-s''. When a language becomes less synthetic, this is often a matter of morphological leveling. An example of this is the conjugation of English verbs, which has become almost unchanging today (see also null morpheme), thus contrasting sharply for example with Latin, where one verb has dozens of forms, each one expressing a different aspect. == See also == * Lexical diffusion * Realizational morphology 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Morphological leveling」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.